Which supplements are legal, regulated, or prescription-only in different countries? Essential guide for travellers, international athletes, and health researchers.
Japan: Melatonin is banned OTC. Ephedrine-containing supplements banned. Codeine products banned. Declare all supplements at customs.
UAE / Qatar / Saudi Arabia: CBD prohibited. Many testosterone precursors/DHEA prohibited. Declare prescription medications in advance.
EU: Melatonin prescription-only in most countries. High-dose vitamin D (>1,000 IU) regulated in some markets. Kava banned in Germany/UK.
Australia: Melatonin Schedule 3 (pharmacist only) for adults 55+; prescription for under 55. DHEA prescription only.
General rule: Carry supplements in original labelled containers. Carry doctor's letter for therapeutic doses. Do not exceed 90-day personal supply when travelling.
Important: Supplement regulations change frequently and vary by dose, formulation, and intended use. This information is for general guidance only and may not reflect the most current rules. Always verify with the official health authority of your destination country before travelling with supplements. For international athletes, also check WADA prohibited substance lists independently of legal status in a country.
Why is melatonin prescription-only in Europe?
Most EU countries classify melatonin as a medicinal product (drug) rather than a dietary supplement because it is a hormone that directly affects the circadian system. The UK, Germany, France, Netherlands, Italy, and most other EU states require a prescription for melatonin. Ireland and some newer EU markets have more relaxed policies. The rationale is that melatonin's hormonal action warrants medical oversight — unlike vitamins and minerals, which are classified as food supplements.
Is NMN legal in all countries?
NMN's legal status is actively evolving. The FDA in 2022 issued a warning that NMN cannot be marketed as a dietary supplement because it was under investigation as a drug (NCT05185505 trial). Several manufacturers disputed this. In practice, NMN supplements remain available in the US. The EU classifies it as a novel food ingredient requiring approval under Novel Foods Regulation (EU) 2015/2283. Canada and Australia permit it. China permits NMN as a health food ingredient. Japan has significant commercial production.
Can I bring my supplements when flying internationally?
Generally yes, with caveats: (1) Carry in original, labelled containers; (2) Quantities: most countries allow a 3-month personal supply; (3) Hormonal substances (DHEA, melatonin) — check destination rules; (4) CBD — illegal in most Middle Eastern countries and Japan; (5) For sports, athlete-specific declarations may be required; (6) Prescription medications — always carry original prescription and a letter from your doctor in English. The customs risk is low for standard vitamins/minerals in reasonable quantities.